![]() After two decades as INEL, the name was changed again to the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory ( INEEL) in 1997. The Idaho site was for a short time named ERDA and then subsequently renamed to the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory ( INEL) in 1977 with the creation of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) under President Jimmy Carter. In 1975, the United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) was divided into the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). In 1949, the federal research facility was established as the National Reactor Testing Station ( NRTS). Perhaps the most well-known was the building of the prototype reactor for the world's first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus. As the Navy began to focus on post-World War II and Cold War threats, the types of projects worked on in the Idaho desert changed, too. ![]() The guns were brought in via rail to near Pocatello, Idaho, to be re-sleeved, rifled and tested. military needed a safe location for performing maintenance on the Navy's most powerful turreted guns. Shortly after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, the U.S. government artillery test range in the 1940s. What is now Idaho National Laboratory in southeastern Idaho began its life as a U.S. The laboratory employs approximately 5,700 people. It is on a 890-square-mile (2,310 km 2) complex in the high desert of eastern Idaho, between Arco to the west and Idaho Falls and Blackfoot to the east. Although many are now decommissioned, these facilities are the largest concentration of reactors in the world. Various organizations have built more than 50 reactors at what is commonly called "the Site", including the ones that gave the world its first usable amount of electricity from nuclear power and the power plant for the world's first nuclear submarine. John Grossenbacher, former INL director, said, "The history of nuclear energy for peaceful application has principally been written in Idaho". Much of current knowledge about how nuclear reactors behave and misbehave was discovered at what is now Idaho National Laboratory. Historically, the lab has been involved with nuclear research, although the laboratory does other research as well. ![]() Idaho National Laboratory ( INL) is one of the national laboratories of the United States Department of Energy and is managed by the Battelle Energy Alliance. This chapter gives an introduction to the literature reviewed, a brief synopsis of the nuclear historiography to date and places the nuclear-powered submarine in context before summarising the book’s intentions.Class=notpageimage| Location in Idaho, west of Idaho Falls Prototype of core for USS Nautilus (SSN-571) Experimental Breeder Reactor Number 1 in Idaho, the first reactor to generate a usable amount of electricity. ![]() The chapter outlines which countries have developed nuclear propulsion and explores the political reasons why the UK decided to investigate nuclear propulsion for its submarine fleet. This chapter gives a brief overview of the discovery of nuclear fission, the establishment of the first nuclear pile (as reactors were then called) to the adoption of the pressurised water reactor as the best means of propelling a submarine and building a prototype in the Idaho Desert before fitting to the world’s first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus. However, the outbreak of World War II necessitated all-out research into producing an atomic bomb. This chapter introduces the subject of submarine nuclear propulsion, explaining how the first envisaged use of nuclear energy was expected to be submarine propulsion. ![]()
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